Abstract Syntax and Variable Binding Marcelo Fiore Gordon Plotkin Daniele Turi COGS LFCS LFCS Univ. of Sussex Univ. of Edinburgh Univ. of Edinburgh Abstract We develop a theory of abstract syntax with variable binding. To every binding signature we associate a category of models consisting of variable sets endowed with both a (binding) algebra and a substitution structure compatible with each other. The syntax generated by the signature is the initial model. This gives a notion of initial algebra semantics encompassing the traditional one; besides compositionality, it automatically verifies the semantic substitution lemma.